Glosario

ENGLISH	ESPAÑOL	DEFINITION
Biosphere	Biosfera	Part of the Earth where you can find living things
Organism	Organismo	Living thing
Nutrition	Nutrición	Living process to take in nutrients and oxygen and eliminating waste
Interaction	Interacción	Living process to receive information from the environment and react
Reproduction	Reproducción	Living process to create new members of one specie
Autotrophic	Autótrofo	Living thing that creates its own food
Heterotrophic	Heterótrofo	Living thing that can’t create its own food
Cell	Célula	Basic unit of life
Unicellular	Unicelular	Living thing of only one cell
Multicellular	Multicelular / pluricelular	Living thing with 2 or more cells
Nucleus	Núcleo	Part of the cell that contains the genetic material and the genetic information (DNA)
Genetic	Genético	Information inside your cells that comes from your parents
Cell membrane	Membrana celular	Part of the cell that protects the cell
Cytoplasm	Citoplasma	Liquid inside the cell
Organelles	Orgánulos	Parts of the cell that have different functions
Cell wall	Pared celular	Part of the plant cell that protects the cell
Tissues	Tejidos	Group of cells
Organs	Órganos	Group of tissues
Systems	Sistemas / aparatos	Group of organs
Monera	Monera	One of the kingdoms of living things
Protist	Protista	One of the kingdoms of living things
Fungi	Hongos	One of the kingdoms of living things
Photosynthesis	Fotosíntesis	Process with which plants obtain food
Ecosystem	Ecosistema	Living things, place where they live and the relationship between them
Biotope	Biotopo	Place where living things live / habitat
Biocenosis	Biocenosis	Group of living things of an ecosystem
Population	Población	Group of living things of an ecosystem of one specie
Community	Comunidad	Group of living things of an ecosystem of all the species
Trophic	Trófico	Related to nutrition
Environment	Medio ambiente	The surrounding of living things
Producers	Productores	Autotrophic living things
Consumers	Consumidores	Herbivores, carnivores and omnivores
Decomposers	Descomponedores	Living thing that eat dead living things
Food chain	Cadena alimentaria / trófica	Relationship between living things depending on what they eat in a specific order
Food web	Red trófica	Relationship between living things depending on what they eat
Relationships	Relaciones	Connections
Intraspecific	Intraespecíficas	Inside the same specie
Interspecific	Interespecíficas	With different species
Gregarious	Gregario	Living in a big group
Mutualism	Mutualismo	Relationship between different species of living things that is good for the two of them
Commensalism	Comensalismo	Relationship between different species of living things that is good only for one and not bad for the other
Parasitism	Parasitismo	Relationship between different species of living things that is good for one and bad for the other
Specie	Especie	Group of living things with the same characteristics
Adaptation	Adaptación	Changes to survive
Behavioural	Conductual / de comportamiento	Related to the way you behave/are
Structural	Estructural	Related to the body
Rainfall	Precipitación	How much rain falls down
Deciduous	Caducifolio / de hoja caduca	The leaves fall down in winter
Rainforest	Bosque pluvial / bosque lluvioso	Forest where it rains a lot
Temperate forest	Bosque templado	Forest where the temperature is not hot and not cold
Savannah	Sabana	Big plain
Ponds	Estanque	Little place with water
Crop fields	Campos de cultivo	Big plains to cultivate vegetables
Sustainable development	Desarrollo sostenible	Using the resources of the nature in a good way so in the future we can still have them
Endangered species	Especies en peligro de extinción	Species that will disappear soon because there are only a few in the world.

ENGLISH	ESPAÑOL	DEFINITION
Matter	Materia	Anything with mass and volume
Mass	Masa	How much matter there is in an object
Volume	Volumen	The space an object occupies
Atom	Átomo	Tiny particles that form the matter
Scale	Balanza / báscula	A balance to measure the mass of something
Weight	Peso	The force of attraction (because of the gravity) an object experience
Measure	Medir	A way of counting something
Increase	Incrementar	To become bigger, to grow
Height	Altura	Distance from the bottom to the top
Width	Ancho	Distance from the front to the back
Length	Largo	Distance from side to side
Hardness	Dureza	The resistance of something to be scratched
Tenacity	Tenacidad	The resistance of something to be broken
Elasticity	Elasticidad	The ability of something to deform and go back
Viscosity	Viscosidad	The ability of a liquid to flow
Compression	Compresión	The resistance of an object to became smaller when you squeeze it
Conductivity	Conductividad	The ability of an object to transfer electricity
Density	Densidad	How much matter there’s in an object depending on the volume
Scratch	Arañar	To damage the surface of something
Squeeze	Apretar	To compress
Flow	Fluir	To circulate / move
Fixed	Fijo	It doesn’t change
Shape	Forma	The appearance of an object
Pure	Puro/a	Not changed
Mixture	Mezcla	A product mixed with others
Homogeneous	Homogéneo	Something made of different parts that we can’t see
Heterogeneous	Heterogéneo	Something made of different parts that we can see
Alloy	Aleación	A mixture with metal
Reversible	Reversible	That you can go back to the original state
Expansion	Expansión	To get bigger
Contraction	Contracción	To get smaller
Fragmentation	Fragmentación	Turning something into pieces
Sublimation	Sublimación	Changing from solid to gas or from gas to solid
Evaporation	Evaporación	Changing form liquid to gas
Condensation	Condensación	Changing from gas to liquid
Freezing / solidification	Solidificación	Changing from liquid to solid
Melting	Fusión	Changing from solid to liquid
Oxidation/rust	Oxidación	Chemical reaction produced with the contact with oxygen
Combustion	Combustión	To burn
Putrefaction	Putrefacción	To decompose

ENGLISH	ESPAÑOL	DEFINITION
Energy	Energía	Anything that causes an object to change
Change	Cambio	To become different
Kinetic	Cinético	Energy of movement/motion
Motion	Movimiento	Movement
Electrical	Eléctrico	Produced by electricity
Chemical energy	Energía química	Energy stored in matter
Store	Almacenar	To keep something
Luminous	Lumínico	Energy of light
Man-made	Artificial	Not natural
Thermal	Térmico	Related to hot
Heat	Calor	To be hot
Source	Fuente	Place where something comes from
Renewable	Renovable	That you can recover
Replace	Reemplazar	That you can’t recover
Geothermal	Geotérmica	Thermal energy from the inside of the Earth
Eolic	Eólica	Kinetic energy from the wind
Biomass	Biomasa	Organic matter form plants and animals
Hydroelectric	Hidroeléctrica	Kinetic energy from the water
Steam	Vapor	Water in the form of gas
Turbine	Turbina	A machine with blades that moves
Generator	Generador	A machine that converts one type of energy into another
Transformer	Trasformador	A device / machine that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another
Power lines	Tendido eléctrico	A line / Wires to conduct electricity
Cooling tower	Torre de enfriamiento / refrigeración	A cylindrical structure where you cool something
Cool	Enfriar	Take the heat out of something
Heat up / Warm up	Calentar	Giving heat to something
Blade	Aspa	The flat part of a windmill
Windmill	Molino de viento	A machine for taking energy from the wind
Dam	Presa	A barrier in a reservoir to store water
Reservoir	Embalse	A place to collect water
Intake	Entrada/toma	Place where something enters
Fuel	Combustible	Matter that you burn to produce heat
Fossil	Fósil	Something that comes from the remains of living things
Coal	Carbón	Mineral substance made of carbon
Radioactivity	Radioactividad	Property of a substance that can be dangerous because of its atoms
Fusion / Melting	Fusión	Changing from solid to liquid
Vaporisation	Vaporización	Changing from liquid to gas
Boiling	Ebullición	Vaporisation of the entire liquid, not only in the surface
Surface	superficie	The outer part of something
Conduction	Conducción	The transfer of heat touching
Convection	Convección	The transfer of heat between liquids or gases by the movement of liquid or gases (when they are hot, they go up and when they are cold, they go down)
Radiation	Radiación	The transfer of heat through invisible waves
Waves	Ondas	A moving through trough something’s surface
Empty	Vacío	Place with nothing inside
Forces	Fuerzas	Power or strength
Deform	Deformar	Change the form of something
Magnetism	Magnetismo	Force of attraction with metals
Particles	Partículas	A small part of something
Protons	Protones	A particle of an atom with positive charge
Neutrons	Neutrones	A particle of an atom with no charge
Electrons	Electrones	A particle of an atom with negative charge
Charge	Carga	Property of the particles of an atom that produce attraction or repulsion
Neutral	Neutral	No positive and no negative
Repel	Repeler	To push away
Attract	Atraer	To come closer
Electric current	Corriente eléctrica	Flow of electrons / electricity
Conductors	Conductores	Materials that permit electricity to pass
Insulators	Aislantes	Materials that don’t permit electricity to pass
Battery	Batería / pila	A device that produces electricity
Switch	Interruptor	A device for turning on and of an electric current
Receiver	Receptor	A device that receives electricity
Magnet	Imán	Something that attract some metals
Magnetic field	Campo magnético	A space with magnetic forces
Compass	Brújula	A device that tells you where is the north of the Earth
Device	Aparato /  artefacto	A thing, a machine
Needle	Aguja	A long, thin and pointed object
Electromagnet	Electroimán	A magnet that works thanks to the electricity: a piece of iron or steel magnetized by electric current
Translucent	Traslúcido	An object through which some light can pass
Opaque	Opaco	An object through which light can’t pass
Transparent	Trasparente	An object through which light can pass
Reflection	Reflexión / reverberación / reflejo	Bouncing of light in an opaque object
Refraction	Refracción	Bending of light when it passes from one transparent object into another
Bounce	Rebotar	To go to some place, touch it and come back
Bend	Doblar	Change something straight int something curve
Lens	Lente	A piece of curved glass
Convergent	Convergente	Lens that put light rays together
Convex	Convexo	Curved thing like the outside of a sphere
Divergent	Divergente	Lens that separate light rays
Concave	Cóncavo	Curved thing like the inside of a sphere
Magnifying glass	Lupa	A device with a convergent lens that make things look bigger
Infrared	Infrarrojo	A type of light that is invisible
Ultraviolet	Ultravioleta	A type of light that is invisible
Loudness	Volumen (de sonido)	The volume of sound
Decibel	Decibelio	Unit to measure the loudness of sound
Pitch	Tono	How high or depth is a sound
Timbre	Timbre	The special quality of a sound
Warming	Calentamiento	Getting hotter
Greenhouse	Invernadero	A room for growing plants inside